Records of Rights (ROR)

What is Records of Rights (ROR)?

Records of Rights (ROR) is the official document and acts as the legal record of land ownership, tenancy and other rights associated with a certain piece of land. It is typically maintained by the Revenue Department or Land Records Authority of a state or country. The ROR is a critical document for landowners, buyers, and legal authorities, as it provides verified information about land and its title.

Purpose of Records of Rights

The ROR serves several essential purposes:

• Establishes legal ownership of land

• Helps in resolving land disputes

• Required for buying, selling, or transferring land

• Useful for obtaining loans, subsidies, or grants

• Shows the land use on it (agricultural, residential, commercial, etc.).

• Shows any encumbrances or charges on the land (e.g., loans, mortgages)

Important data in the records of rights document

A typical ROR document contains the following details:

How to Access ROR Online (India Specific Example)

Most Indian states have digitised their land records. Here’s a general way to access ROR online:

• Visit the official land records portal of your state (e.g., Bhoomi, Bhulekh, Meebhoomi, etc.).

• Choose the Records of Rights or ROR.

• Add in district, taluk, village and survey no.

• View or download the ROR copy (some states offer digitally signed copies).

Legal Significance of ROR

The ROR is not conclusive proof of ownership, but it is treated as prima facie evidence in courts of law. This means that unless proven otherwise, the person listed in the ROR is assumed to be the rightful owner. It is a crucial document in:

• Land dispute cases

• Property mutation and inheritance

• Agricultural subsidies and insurance claims

Updating or Correcting the ROR

Common reasons for updating:

• Sale or purchase of land (mutation)

• Inheritance (succession)

• Rectifying spelling errors

• Subdivision of land

How to update:

• Apply through the Revenue Department or online portal.

• Submit supporting documents (sale deed, will, court order, etc.).

• Pay applicable fees.

• Await verification and mutation order.

Importance of Keeping ROR Up-to-Date

• Prevents illegal encroachments or fraudulent sales

• Ensures smooth inheritance transfer

• Avoids delays in loan approvals or land transactions

• Compliance to state and local laws on property

Difference Between ROR, Patta, and Land Deed

Conclusion

Records of Rights (ROR) is a very necessary document which assumes a very central place in the land administration system. As a farmer, an investor, a purchaser or an inheritor, your ROR is what keeps you secure, transparent and legitimate in all issues that have to do with land.

For best practices:

• Always verify ROR before buying land.

• Update the ROR post-sale or inheritance.

• Use official government portals for online access.

Disclaimer

The information provided in this blog is purely for general informational purposes only. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy, reliability and completeness of the content presented, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, for the same. 

We expressly disclaim any and all liability for any loss, damage or injury arising from or in connection with the use of or reliance on this information. This includes, but is not limited to, any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential or punitive damage.

Further, we reserve the right to make changes to the content at any time without prior notice. For specific advice tailored to your situation, we request you to get in touch with us.